13

The transcript discusses various topics related to potential terrorist attacks and their consequences. It mentions the potential methods of dissemination of harmful substances, such as aerosol or food supply. It also discusses the symptoms and effects of different substances, such as ricin, sarin, and radioactive materials. The importance of surveillance and monitoring for early detection is emphasized, as well as the availability of antidotes and supplies in strategic stockpiles. The transcript also briefly touches on the effects of blast waves and the different levels of the Department of Homeland Security's advisory system. Overall, the transcript provides information on potential threats and the measures taken to mitigate their impact. Dissemination, aerosol or food supply, sabotage, injection, ingestion or inhalation, dry mouth intestinal obstruction because the GI system shuts down, urinary retention because the urethra is shut down, constipation, nausea, vomiting, abnormal pupil dilation, blurred vision, difficulty swallowing, speaking, breathing, and you die. What are we going to do? Ventilate and transport. Usually you'll have a large number of people. If this is an actual terrorist attack, you'll have a large number of people with these. So they'll be able to tell, based upon the large number of people with the same symptoms, this is probably nauseous. Ricin. Remember we talked about this? It derives from the mash or the castor bean. If I take the castor bean and I process the mash one way, I can make castor oil. Good for the skin and hair. Very bitter. You're going to punish your kids. They'll be able to swallow castor oil. Processing the mash another way, a little more difficult than that, but you can get ricin. Ricin's actually been used. It's been used in subways in Austria. Ricin and sarin have both been used in the subways in Japan. It causes pulmonary edema, respiratory and circulatory failure, leading to death. It's quite stable and extremely toxic. A very small amount can cause severe problems. Not saying it's released indoors. It can be released in an air supply, in an air handler or an air exchange and spread throughout. Inhale, there's coughing, difficulty breathing, tightness of the chest, muscle aches, spasms, seizure, coma, death. Get them out of the area. High flow oxygen. It's supportive. These patients are going to end up sedated on a ventilator as the body metabolizes the ricin. There's no antidote to it. You can't take it out of the blood. Syndromic surveillance, monitor of patients presenting to the EDs and alternative care facilities. This is where I told you. This is in the Grapefruit Valley area. We've had 30 people with flu-like symptoms and now they're all on ventilators. Maybe we need to look in Grapefruit Valley and somebody from the health department goes there and finds this, something there. That's what they mean by syndromic surveillance. Your local health departments, your county health departments, your state health departments and your federal health departments all have a centralized computer databases and they share information and they know, based upon reporting from hospitals, where these patients come from. Point of distribution. This kind of goes to what I talked about earlier. The CDC Center for Disease Control Prevention Strategic National Stockpile. Everywhere in the country, all over the country, they have these strategic stockpiles of antidotes, vaccines, medications, supplies, water, generators. At any given time, the Army Corps of Engineers, the 82nd Airborne, National Guard units, Air Guard units from around the country know where these are. They're notified. They can go get them and fly them anywhere within 24 to 48 hours. This says 12 hours, but the government never works in 12 hours. Nothing works in 12 hours. Radiation, we kind of talked about this. Alpha, at least harmful. It can be stopped by a shirt. Maybe not a light t-shirt, but a darker t-shirt. Beta passes through that. Gamma goes right through you. That's an x-ray. And, of course, neutron comes from neutrinos, which comes from fission reactions. The only sustained fission reaction is the sun, so neutrinos pass through us every day. Go see, if you want to see a good movie about radiation, Chernobyl and K-19, The Little Man. That's what Chernobyl is like. It's a docudrama. So, this kind of explains alpha, beta, gamma, and neutron. Once radioactive material has been used, the remaining material is called radiological waste. Radiological waste, as well as radiological materials, are carried all across the roads and railways of the United States every day. How do you detox yourself after an x-ray? What's that? When you take an x-ray, how can you detox your body from it? Your body absorbs it. Your body absorbs the radiation. That's what your thyroid does. Your thyroid helps break down radioactive material. That's one of the reasons why... That's right. One of the reasons why... They used to... It used to be that in the Soviet... We didn't do it in the United States, but in the Soviet Navy and in the British Navy, it used to be when the nuclear reactors first came out on the ships, they used to give them a pint of red wine a day. That was part of their ration. Because red wine helps clean and filter your... So, red wine. Red wine. Is that what he said, right? Yeah, red wine. Red wine helps with radiation. It helps clean your thyroid, filter your thyroid. So, you'll find these materials in hospitals and healthcare facilities, colleges, universities, power plants, chemical and industrial sites. Radiological disbursement device is any container designed to disperse radioactive material. Again, that journey bond is what I fear more than a nuclear weapon. And I'll be honest with you. I believe... You don't have to agree with me if you don't want, but I believe in the next 40 to 50 years, you'll have nuclear batteries. They'll find a way to make them, they'll find a way to store them, and you'll have them in your home. And you'll have a battery in a TV that'll last for 30 years. And you'll never have to change a battery. You'll have to plug it in. You watch. Well, for those of you young enough to hype up, you'll see that I'm young enough to hype up. Are you sure of that? Nuclear energy is artificially made by altering or splitting radioactive atoms. The result is immense light release and heat. We find these in medicine, weapons, naval vessels, and pyrotechnics. Nuclear weapons are kept only in secure facilities we hold them in. The likelihood of a nuclear attack is extremely remote, although it's increasing every day, unfortunately. The whereabouts of many nuclear devices is unknown. About, what did I say, 3 to 5 tons? Unknown around the world. And then you also have these special atomic demolition munitions, SATAMs, 155 howitzers, 120mm artillery rounds. They can actually fire like a half a kiloton, or one or one and a half kiloton nuclear device. We have artillery shells that will deliver nuclear devices. Patients exposed to excessive radiation are considered safe of acute radiation toxicity. In other words, you're not going to get it from them. Are considered victims of acute radiation toxicity. You're not going to get it from them. They're not going to off-gas it. As long as you remove that nuclear material from them, they're not going to give it to you. Effects of radiation exposure will vary. We've kind of talked about that. Low, medium, and severe. You can see all of these in those movies. J-19 and Chernobyl. So this is a good thing to look for. So in Silkwood, when they like scrub basically their outer skin off, that's what they do? Well no, that's not quite what they do, but that's what they did there. Being exposed to radiation sources does not make a patient contaminated radioactive. And they are radioactive once you've been decontaminated. There is no protective gear that completely shields you, except time, distance, and shielding. The shorter you're exposed, the further you are away, and the more stuff you have between you and the radioactive material, the safer you're going to be. Incendiary devices start fires. It's important to identify an object and be very careful. Some objects do not react with water. With magnesium, when it gets on fire, if you throw water on it, it explodes. Same thing with aluminum. Aluminum gets up to 5,000 degrees when it burns. We talked about blast waves. Primary is the concussion wave. Damages hollow organs. Secondary blast is the debris of shrapnel, causes the external injuries and bleeding. Tertiary is the whole body gets thrown. Most deaths happen in the tertiary from head trauma. And the quaternary is the miscellaneous burns, toxic inhalation of gases, and building collapse. We talked about the physics of an explosion. When something detonates, it goes, that solid liquid is converted to a gas at rapid speeds in all directions, spherically. Upwards of 25,000, 30,000, 35,000, 40,000 feet per second. 5, 6, 7, 8 miles a second. Hollow organs like the middle ear, lung, and GI tract are most susceptible. We talked about that. Blast of the lung is common. Cause of death from the blast, which can lead to pulmonary embolisms, neurologic injuries from the head trauma, and then amputations and bleeding are also common. So what type of terrorist group would most likely bomb an abortion clinic? Well, they're going to say A, because it's a single issue, but I'd say A or D. The term weaponization is defined as, what is the most technical answer here? Right, the cultivation of synthesation, and or mutation of an agent in order to maximize the target population. The Department of Homeland Security posts a daily advisory system to keep the public aware. What does orange mean? Yeah. Meet the United States right now. So here it is right here. Red is the highest level, which means severe. Next is yellow. What is it? Red is severe. Then yellow. Orange is high. Red is severe. High, elevated, guarded. And green, which means good. We've never been at green. I don't think we've ever been at blue. We're a short time, we're at yellow. We're back up, Joe.